OneLogin SmartFactor Authentication uses machine learning through its Vigilance AI risk engine to analyze real-time inputs such as user location, device type, IP reputation, behavioral patterns, and browser activity to calculate dynamic risk scores for each login attempt. Based on these risk assessments, it enforces granular authentication policies, requiring additional factors like biometrics, SMS codes, or hardware tokens for high-risk scenarios while allowing low-risk logins to bypass multi-factor authentication. The system integrates with existing third-party MFA providers and supports passwordless authentication workflows, enabling organizations to balance security with user convenience by dynamically adjusting authentication requirements in response to evolving threats like phishing, credential stuffing, or anomalous access patterns.